Ottawa 3
Ottawa 3 (O.3)
M.9 × M.26
Ottawa Research Station, Canada, 1970
Introduced in 1974 by the Agriculture Canada Research Station in Ottawa after crossing M.9 with the 'Robin' crabapple, Ottawa 3 (O.3) is a dwarfing apple rootstock engineered specifically for extreme winter hardiness. It produces a compact tree roughly 45% the size of a standard seedling (placing it between M.9 and M.26), promoting early fruit bearing and high productivity per unit area. Highly recognized for its exceptional cold hardiness, Ottawa 3 easily survives harsh sub-zero conditions and deep frost lines. Due to its somewhat brittle, shallow root system, trees grafted on Ottawa 3 require permanent staking or trellis support. On the disease front, Ottawa 3 boasts high resistance to collar rot (Phytophthora) and produces very few burr knots or root suckers. However, it is susceptible to fire blight and woolly apple aphids, and it is sensitive to latent stem grooving viruses.
Density & Spacing
Timeline
Requirements
Good for high-density plantings in cold regions. Requires staking. Excellent fire blight resistance.
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